Cutting edge: macrophage migration inhibitory factor is necessary for progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor potentiates autoimmune-mediated neuroinflammation.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multipotent cytokine that is associated with clinical worsening and relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The mechanism through which MIF promotes MS progression remains undefined. In this study, we identify a critical role for MIF in regulating CNS effector mechanisms necessary for the development of inflammatory pathology in a mouse mo...

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes resistance to glucocorticoid treatment in EAE

OBJECTIVE Glucocorticoids (GCs) are used as standard treatment for acute attacks of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, GCs eventually lose efficacy and do not prevent disease progression. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is the only known proinflammatory cytokine induced by GCs that inhibits their anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we investigated whether MIF plays a role in resis...

Liver Damage and Mortality in a Male Lewis Rat of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. This is due to migration of peripherally activated lymphocytes to central nervous system leading to inflammatory lesions. However, liver has an anti-inflammatory microenvironment. Myelin expression in the liver of transgenic mice suppresses inflammatory lesions within central nervous system. ...

Nervous System of Encephalitogenic T Cells to the Central Encephalomyelitis by Impairing the Homing Experimental Autoimmune Inhibitory Factor Ameliorates Acute In Vivo Blockade of Macrophage Migration

Induction of inhibitory central nervous system-derived and stimulatory blood-derived dendritic cells suggests a dual role for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in central nervous system inflammation.

The mononuclear phagocyte system, particularly dendritic cells, plays several pivotal roles in the development of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Here, we demonstrate that functionally distinct dendritic cell subpopulations are present in the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. At peak experimental autoimmu...